Background The role of nurses in caring for acute psychiatric inpatients has traditionally been a holistic one, involving one-to-one nurse-patient relationships and the therapeutic use of self. Over the years, a more medical model has emerged, including cognitive-behavioural therapy and monitoring of medication. At the same time, there has been a reaction against the ‘observation culture’ that has existed in many hospitals. This article considers the best way forward for psychiatric nursing.

Conclusion A psychosocial model seems to provide the most promising framework for the development of psychiatric inpatient nursing. However, this must not be at the expense of the traditional holistic, humanistic approach that is valued by patients, carers and nurses.